Social Structure Of Mesopotamians And Egyptians History Essay

Social Structure Of Mesopotamians And Egyptians History Essay The social structure starting with one domain then onto the next can differ a great deal. It relied for the most part upon the abundance of the domain, the manner in which the realm became, and different components. On account of the Mesopotamians and Egyptians, there were a few similitudes, yet in addition a few contrasts. Those distinctions incorporated the social jobs that ladies played in their separate realms, in addition to other things. The Mesopotamian Empire had numerous chances to collect riches. Along these lines, their social structure turned out to be substantially more unmistakably characterized than other Neolithic people group. In early Mesopotamia, the decision class comprised of rulers and nobles who already were extraordinary warriors. Later on, be that as it may, regal status got innate. The illustrious class was viewed profoundly, and individuals frequently thought of them as part divine. Next in the social chain were the ministers and priestesses, a considerable lot of whom were identified with the rulers somehow or another. Their principle duty was to intercede with the divine beings and guarantee favorable luck for their networks. In return for this administration, ministers and priestesses had a lavish existence. Likewise in the social structure were free everyday people. They generally filled in as ranchers in the open country or in other assembling occupations. Subordinate customers were another class in the social structure. They had no property and normally functioned as farming workers. The keep going bar on the social stepping stool were slaves. Slaves originated from three primary sources: detainees of war, indicted lawbreakers, and individuals who offered themselves into subjection so as to fulfill their commitments. Most slaves were residential hirelings in affluent family units, however some filled in as rural workers also. The Egyptian social structure had a few similitudes and contrasts. Like the Mesopotamians, Egyptians had an all around characterized social class framework. Likewise, the Egyptian laborers and slaves assumed a comparable job in the public eye as the Mesopotamian workers and slaves. Be that as it may, the association of the decision classes contrasted fundamentally. While Mesopotamians had a progression of urban rulers, Egyptians had one incomparable, focal ruler called the pharaoh. The Egyptians had no requirement for nobles since the pharaoh was the outright ruler. Rather, Egyptians depended on proficient military powers and government authorities. This considered people of basic birth to have a higher probability of achieving high positions contrasted with Mesopotamians. The contrasts between the social classes of the Egyptians and Mesopotamians permitted every one of them to have their own one of a kind domains. The states of ladies were additionally totally different between the Mesopotamians and the Egyptians. In Mesopotamia, ladies had subordinate lawful status. Be that as it may, they had a specific measure of impact strategically, monetarily, and socially. At administering courts in Mesopotamia, ladies now and then prompted the legislature. Other held incredible force as high-positioning priestesses. Other Mesopotamian ladies had the option to get conventional instruction and seek after a profession. Sadly, Mesopotamian men started to continuously fix their power over the social and sexual conduct of ladies in the second thousand years B.C.E. Egyptian ladies had the option to have a considerably greater effect on society. In the past a lady pharaoh took power (Queen Hatshepsut). Other ladies additionally had generous measures of intensity as priestesses. Some got proper instructions also. The Mesopotamian and Egyptian social structures had the two contrasts and likenesses. The two realms social frameworks were very much characterized, and included comparative jobs for laborers and slaves. Be that as it may, the remainder of their framework was to some degree extraordinary, particularly their decision classes. In spite of the fact that both gave ladies some social impact, Egyptians gave all the more impressive chances to ladies. The two realms had a fruitful and all around authorized social class framework.

Is Childhood Behavior Better or Worse Than It Was Years Ago? Essay

Family life contrasted with a hundred years back is on the decay. Everybody moves at a quick pace nowadays. My Father and Mother are attempting to keep up the home, while my sisters and my sibling are left to their own gadgets and there isn’t a meeting up to plunk down and impart in some way or another. There just doesn’t appear to be sufficient time in the day. Innovation has progressed such a great amount of contrasted with a hundred years prior, that we are well en route to fuel less vehicles and automated associates. However, with cutting edge innovation comes the additional obligations to keep up and search out different roads for even far move trend setting innovations to help bolster the ways of life we have come acclimated with. Is this at that point better than anyone might have expected when we were appreciative just to have light and running water in the house? Training is by a long shot preferred today over a hundred years prior! The fields of learning have been opened up to young men and young ladies similarly to search out far more prominent prospects than were even comprehensible a hundred years back. However, with this benefit of learning has came a decrease in our training framework. The absence of satisfactory instructors, the skyscraper in affront for power, only the absence of caring whether you learn or not has influenced our training framework. A hundred years back the idea of an advanced education was only a fantasy for most. On the off chance that you procured a fifth grade perusing level you were doing acceptable. Learning was a benefit, but then today we give training around a role as on the off chance that it were a piece of clothing. While there has been such incredible walks in our would today contrasted with a hundred years prior, we have passed up the lighthearted, gratefulness, and energy about the things and others around us. We underestimate what we planned to have or even envisioned we could have years back. Be that as it may, presently in this age kid conduct is a lot of more awful than it was years back. Irreverence for power figures. The shortcoming lies with the guardians no doubt. We are advised to oblige our childrens enthusiastic â€Å"needs† and that coperal puminshment is terrible for them. Kids require steady preparing, tolerance and love †the greater part of todays guardians are excessively occupied or egotistical to make this sort of speculation. In the event that youngsters are permitted to control and control their folks as in the portrayal over, the parent will be defenseless to instruct that kid anything.

Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice Essay Visiting a New Place

Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice Essay Visiting a New Place Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice EssayThe QuestionThese days, people enjoy a lot of time away from their work and school obligations. Many people use this time to visit new places and learn about them. What do you think is the best way to learn about a place you are visiting for the first time?Going to a museumJoining a guided tour of popular attractionsVisiting a popular shopping areaTalking to a local residentWatching a local television stationUse specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Do not use memorized examples. Special Offer: TOEFL Essay Evaluation and ScoringYou can now sign up to have your practice essays evaluated and scored by the author of this page. This service is a great way to learn how you will do before test day and how you can best prepare for the big day. Sign up today.The Sample EssayIt is easier to travel than ever before, so more and more people take long vacations every year. I am of the belief that visiting a museum is the best way to get to know a city or country we are visiting for the first time. I feel this way for two reasons, which I will explore in the following essay. To begin with, modern museums are very exciting and accessible, which means they are a great way to acquire new knowledge. These days, museums are designed to be inviting to the general public. In the past, they often contained stuffy and uninteresting exhibitions of boring artifacts, but today museums contain interactive and stimulating hands-on displays. My own experience while traveling last month in Canada is a compelling example of this. While visiting the city of Winnipeg last year, I spent an afternoon in Canada’s National Human Rights Museum. This state-of-the-art facility contains touch-screen displays, and a plethora of sensor-activated exhibits all of which delighted me. I even attended a presentation given by an expert historian that I had read about on the museum’s website the day before. My visit taught me an enormous amount about the h istory of Canada. I feel that there are manyinteractive museums all over the world nowadays and people can learn a lot from all of them.Secondly, museums dont worry about making a profit, so they provideunbiased perspectives. These days there are a lot of guided tours available to tourists, but since the operators want to keep their customers happy they might ignore some of the negative aspects of a city or country. While it is relaxing to be guided by someone else, a tour won’t teach us as much as a visit to a local museum. Ten years ago, I was fortunate enough to visit theEuropean country of Sokovia. The person who guided my tour of the capital city there was a gregarious person and entertained my family with a lot of hilarious jokes, but I felt that his tour was a little superficial. When we visited the State Museum a few days later, we were able to see an exhibit about the Sokovian Civil War, which occurred in theearly twentieth century.It honestly highlighted some of the nega tive actions take by the country’s government. Had I not visited the museum, I wouldn’t have learned anything about that period of time.In conclusion, I strongly believe that people should visit museums when they take a holiday. This is because museums are usually designed to be fun and interactive, and because they can provide a totally honestpicture of a country’s history. (430words)Note:This is a sample TOEFL essay written by a native speaker. It follows ourTOEFL Writing templatesfor independent essays. If it is useful, please remember that we havemany more sample essaysfor you to read!

Privacy Protecting Confidential Information On The...

Abstract— Privacy preserving in data mining specifies the security of the confidential data or attribute in the large data base. Sharing of extracted information from a data set is beneficial to the application users. But at the same time analysing such data opens treats to privacy if not done properly. This work aims to reveal the information by protecting confidential data. In the literature various methods including Randomization, k-anonymity and data hiding have been suggested for the same. In this paper we introduce new masking technique for hiding sensitive data based on the concept of genetic algorithms. The main purpose of this method is fully supporting security of continuous numerical data in the database and keeping the utility†¦show more content†¦This usually involves using database techniques such as spatial. These patterns can then be seen as a kind of summary of the input data. In recent years, data mining has been viewed as a threat to privacy because of the widespread proliferation of electronic data maintained by [2] corporations. A number of techniques have been proposed for modifying or transforming the data in such a way so as to preserve privacy. The privacy preserving in data mining concerns the protection of confidential data from unauthorized users. The confidential data may be numerical, categorical or both. The protection of confidential data may give personal security to the workers of a company, government employers and sometimes it concerns with national security. A key problem that arises in any mass collection of data is that of confidentiality. The need for privacy preserving is sometimes due to law [3] or can be motivated by business interests. However, sharing of data can be beneficial to others and give mutual gain. A key utility of large databases today is research, whether it is scientific or economic and market oriented. For example, medical field has much to gain by pooling data for research. Despite the potential gain, this is often not possible due to the confidentiality issues which arise. So the privacy of the one’s confidential data should be preserve from other corporate or public sectors. The problem of

All About The School Is A Public And A Community Based...

Task 2 Question 2.1 All About the School Linksfield Primary School is a public and a community based school where students’ most important needs are cared for so that they can in turn achieve excellence, originality, creativity and a knowledge of positive values. Linksfield Primary School holds approximately 700 boys and girls, spread over a Reception Year and Primary School. There are approximately 35 students per class whom are either male or female. The students of Linksfield Primary School come from different nationality and cultural backgrounds such as, Chinese, Greek, English, Zulu, Italian and many more. Its doors remain open to everyone, greeting and introducing widely diverse communities to share in its value-driven, universal education. Linksfield Primary consists of mostly low to middle-income families who live in the Edenvale and Bedfordview area. However, families from Sandton and Germiston do insist on their children being in Linksfield Primary School due to the schools good reviews as well as for their increase of use in technology. There are many children with disabilities in Linksfield Primary such as learning weaknesses consisting of, dyslexia. Furthermore, they do have a Speech and Occupational Therapy facility for those children who may require extra therapy. After spending an incredible 10 days of observation of the class, I got to know a little bit about what the Primary school has to offer. Linksfield Primary withholds vibrant and happy qualities.Show MoreRelatedThe Goal Of Place Based Education Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesPlace-Based education has been valuable throughout in schools and developing children education. The goal of place education is to serve as a learning organization for program developers, fueling internal growth and program development for the individual organizations. 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The benefits of teaching youth the importance of growing your own food and its nutritional value would have a positive effect for decades to come. The Colorado School of Public Health has data on Denver Urban Garden efforts and how it has led to a tangible, positive change in the community’s health and food security. School-based community gardens help to create a bridge between the school andRead MoreHow Public Relations Programs Work840 Words   |  4 Pagesemployee their job responsibilities. Administering what is need to be done in the school and what teams are appointed to be in charge. Administrators have to be reminded that the taxpayers are the one that help keep the school running. Parents are the first people to speak up about how the school should run. Communication is the key to how public relations programs work well with different schools, school staff, the community, and stakeholders. Communication is a tool that helps to deliver informationRead MoreThe Fairfax County Public School system, FCPS, just as other local public school districts is still1000 Words   |  4 PagesThe Fairfax County Public School system, FCPS, just as other local public school districts is still experiencing the impact of the recession. Consequently, school leaders and officials have to make difficult choices to balance the Fairfax County Public School system budget. Fairfax County Public Schools functions off two primary budgets. The first, Operating Budget, provides for the daily functions of the schools, personnel, and programs. The second, Capital Improvement Program budget, addressesRead MoreUsing Gmail With Screen Readers1685 Words   |  7 PagesSlim Idle morganh1980@gmail.com Offline smithdesauguste@gmail.com 19549817123 5gw5k-4524026260@sale.craigslist.org 5wjnv-4786966687@sale.craigslist.org atreyu Darbonne, Anita Kosik, Alison mrhwilliam84@gmail.com More 1 of 8,368 Print all In new window Fw: draft Inbox x Danielle Johnson Attachments1:32 PM (39 minutes ago) to me Danielle R. Johnson Florida A M University, College of Law Juris Doctorate Candidate, 2016 On Tuesday, December 9, 2014 5:13 PM, Mofura Hibbert masses4movement@gmailRead More The Problem of Vouchers and School Choice Essay1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe Problem of School Choice    Is it right to force students to attend the schools prescribed for them by geography? Is it fair to deny students who live in poorer neighborhoods the chance to go to better schools with better facilities, better teachers and safer conditions? Should we allow our tax revenues to leave our school districts for greener pastures? Should we permit schools poor in both resources and performance to wither on the vine, an acceptable casualty of competition?    Read MoreEssay on Arguments for School Dress Codes820 Words   |  4 PagesEnsuing President Bill Clintons State of the Union address in January of 1996, more and more public schools are implementing dress codes and uniform policies in their schools. As a result, there has been an increase in legal controversies dealing with the issue. The reason that dress codes are not conclusively enforced is due to the application of the First Amendment to juveniles in the public school setting. The First Amendment states that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishmentRead MoreSocial And Social Factors Of The Five Levels In Public Health1005 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"An ecological model looks at how the social environment, including interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy factors, supports and maintains unhealthy behaviors† (211). The major component of the ecological model is that it promotes how the individuals’ behaviors and choices are influen ced by the five levels in Public Health. Each level is a target that helps with the spread of health promotion. The first level is intra personal factors, which is the smallest level of the five

English Literature Coursework “But why, Mum” shouted Sonny Free Essays

string(61) " lot of problems to face and he would have to overcome them\." â€Å"But why, Mum?† shouted Sonny. â€Å"I love it here. I have loads of mates, all our family are here and I’m actually enjoying the school I’m at!† â€Å"We just can’t afford to live here anymore, son. We will write a custom essay sample on English Literature Coursework: â€Å"But why, Mum?† shouted Sonny or any similar topic only for you Order Now Believe me, I would love to stay here but it just isn’t possible. Don’t be angry, Sonny,† pleaded his mum. But it was too late; Sonny was already clambering up the stairs with tears in his eyes. Sonny’s mum looked down to the floor and sighed with a feeling of guilt and depression. She felt terrible that she was the person who had to ruin his day. Meanwhile, Sonny was in his room, face in pillow, crying. He felt terrible. He was only just starting to enjoy school; he had just started to become popular and most importantly of all, his mum had found a long term boyfriend and had gotten engaged. He finally felt stable and happy in life but in a matter of seconds his world had been tipped upside down! In the car, on the way to Hackney, the car pulled up at some traffic lights. Whilst Sonny gazed relentlessly out of the window his eye was caught by a conker tree. He noticed the way that it had a hard, spiky, cruel exterior but contained a yielding, gentle and attractive centre. Sonny thought about his new life in Hackney and how he could never see the conker emerging from its shell. Despite this he still desperately hoped that it would be nice in Hackney and not be as spiky, cruel and hard as it is perceived to be. He thought longingly of the friends he was leaving behind and wished that all this was just a dream and that soon he would wake up. He was tossed back into reality a few seconds later when the family drove past a road sign labelled Hackney, twenty five miles. â€Å"Nearly there, Claire,† said Clarence, Sonny’s ‘Dad’. â€Å"I bet you’re exited, aren’t you?† â€Å"Yeah, I’m thrilled.† replied Claire half heartedly and with a raise of the eyebrows. Sonny’s eyes caught his mothers as she turned around to look at him. â€Å"What about you, Sonny, you looking forward to seeing your new home?† asked Clarence. â€Å"No, not really.† replied Sonny, rather bluntly, and then fell silent. â€Å"Hey, cheer up lad. It won’t be that bad.† said Clarence reassuringly, â€Å"I’m sure that you’ll love it here. We’ll make the flat look like home in no time.† The car fell silent again and Sonny continued to look out of the window, his head held up by his hand. As the family pulled up onto the pavement Sonny realised that they must be at their new home. This thought emotionally overwhelmed him and the tears streamed from his eyes. His mum looked over at him and ran around the car to comfort her upset son. As she wrapped her loving arms around him she muttered to him: â€Å"I’m sorry, Sonny, I’m sorry. I have completely ruined your life and I’m sorry. We’ll be alright. We’ll be fine. I’m so sorry!† Clarence thought it was best to stay away and let them have their moment together. While he was waiting Clarence heard a call from across the street: â€Å"Mummy’s boy, Mummy’s boy. Oi, Mummy’s boy, wot up wiv you? Ya lost ya cuddly toy? Eh?† shouted the first boy belligerently whilst the other two laughed simultaneously. â€Å"Go away!† snarled Claire. â€Å"Oh, sorry ‘ard!† hurled the second child whilst the other two drew out a pair of ‘BB’ guns and shot Claire three times in the chest. Clarence’s anger grew and he let out a huge roar as he sprinted after the three children. Unfortunately to his, Claire’s and Sonny’s disappointment he lost them after only a few yards! As Clarence walked back to his fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½e and Sonny, he stared disappointedly at Claire. Sonny continued to frown and then began to walk towards the entrance of the block of flats and then to their new home. They finally got to the door of the flat and Claire put the key in the door. As the door swung open Sonny began to see inside bit by bit. Once the door was fully open Sonny stood in silence and just stared into the prison like room. The floor was cold, grey concrete, no carpets, the windows were small and didn’t look like they could open very far, the walls were painted a dark blue but the paint was chipped and was beginning to crack off of the wall! Sonny felt like he had been hit hard in the chest. He felt as though he couldn’t breathe. A sudden image of his old home in Windsor flashed through his head. He couldn’t believe that his parents couldn’t afford something better than this! He still hadn’t entered the room when Clarence looked over at him and noticed the censuring expression on his face. â€Å"Don’t worry, Sonny, the removal van will be here soon and we’ll have this place looking like home in no time!† said Clarence heartily. Sonny just looked over at him, unimpressed, then continued to observe the beaten up cell which was to become his home. That night while Sonny lie in bed, he once again began to think of his old world which he missed so dearly. He knew that Hackney was a lot different; the only time that you heard about it was on the news being linked with murders and rapes! They had only been here for a few hours and they had already been shot by BB guns, someone had stolen the dust caps off of Clarence’s car and eggs had been pelted at the patio doors of his first floor flat! Sonny knew that he would never fit in around here and that he was going to have to toughen up quickly. He had school in a weeks time and he had to prepare himself, there would be a lot of problems to face and he would have to overcome them. You read "English Literature Coursework: â€Å"But why, Mum?† shouted Sonny" in category "Literature" Sonny was tired so he turned over and cried himself to sleep ready for the bumpy road ahead. The week dragged by slowly and more of the kids around the area had begun to vandalise their property. The balcony wall had been sprayed with the words ‘Mummy’s Boy’, the kids had been shouting abusive words to him and when Sonny’s mum was returning home from shopping, the kids jumped out and stole one of the bags from her! Had Sonny just stepped into a war zone? Was he behind enemy lines? Why was everyone treating him so badly? Clarence was getting angry but Sonny thought that he was too frightened to do anything. Whenever Sonny saw him he was always looking out of the windows checking that the kids were well away. Sonny was still feeling low and he became consternated instantly when he realised that he was going to his new school the next day. He swallowed hard and rushed to his bedroom. He spent most of the night wondering what to do and the only solution he could think of was to just accept that he would not be liked and try to stand up to them. Unfortu nately, Sonny’s plan fell to pieces the next day. â€Å"Oi, Mummy’s boy!† As Sonny looked up his heart sank and his eyes widened. It was the same kid, along with his two mates, who shot his mum with the BB gun. â€Å"Yes?† replied Sonny as politely as possible. â€Å"What you doin’ ‘ere?† snapped the first kid. â€Å"I go to this school now.† Sonny replied charily. â€Å"Yeah I nowe dat, it’s just dat we own dis part o da playground, mate!† retorted the first kid. â€Å"I’m sorry, I didn’t know. Please forgive me.† pleaded Sonny. â€Å"Oh, please forgive me,† said the second kid, mockingly, â€Å"Scared are you Mummy’s boy?† Sonny breathed in heavily and took a step backwards. The third kid look nervously at the first kid and Sonny caught a glance from him as the gang begirded him. â€Å"Where ya goin’ Mummy’s boy? You ai n’t gettin away from us! We’re gonna make you pay for thinkin you can jus walk away from us when we’re talkin to ya! Get im Joe!† The second kid, apparently named Joe, grabbed Sonny around the waist and then thrusted both of his arms behind his back. While Joe had hold of Sonny, the first kid gave him a few jabs to the ribs. Sonny’s legs gave way in pain but Joe continued to hold him up so that the attacker could continue to castigate him. After a few minutes Sonny’s lip was bleeding and the only support he had was coming from the boy behind him holding him up whilst the bully continued his attack. â€Å"Hey, guys, that enough now! He’s already gonna collapse! Just leave him now, you’ve ‘urt I’m enough! Sam, get off of him!† Sonny felt heartened by this but his vision was beginning to blur and he knew that soon he was going to pass out, he had to do something. â€Å"Oh shut up, Zack! He deserves all dis!† replied Sam, apparently humoured by Zack’s outburst. Suddenly, Joe fell to the ground with a thump. Sonny looked behind him and glanced up at Zack who was standing over Joe with a worried expression on his face. He realised that he had to take this opportunity to get away so he leapt to his feet and sprinted towards the toilets. As he ran he heard: â€Å"You wait, bitch, we’ll av you!† The rest of Sonny’s lunch hour was spent sitting on a hard, black toilet seat sweating with fear and using a tissue to clear up his bleeding nose and patch up a cut which had opened up on his forehead. Whilst he was there he thought about Zack. Why did he help him? There was no need to do that, what’s going to happen to him? Sonny was in to much pain to think about the answers and so he sat there in the cubicle, in silence until the end of lunch. Sonny managed to avoid the gang for the rest of the school day but as he walked home that evening he froze when he heard a call from behind him: â€Å"Alrite Mummy’s boy?† called Sam. â€Å"Did ya fink dat you were gonna get away from us today? We followed you outta school jus to finish you off.† At this Sam pulled out a blade. Sonny’s eyes widened but his expression remained stern. Sonny ran for it but only to be pounced on by Joe and held down whilst Sam approached. Sonny was panicking and was beginning to think that this was the end. Just as this thought emerged, a shining, glimmer of hope floated around the corner. Sonny looked up and caught another glance into the intense, furious eyes of Zack. He looked dreadful! One eye was black and he had a huge gash across his left cheek. It was obvious what had happened to Zack but Sonny was definitely glad to see him now. Zack took one deep breath and then sprinted towards Sam. As Zack reached him he leapt at his right hand and grabbed hold of it. Sam stumbled and fell onto his knees as his hand was prised open by Sonny’s helper. Sam eventually lost grip of the blade and Joe let go of Sonny as Zack walked forebodingly towards the bullies. Joe and Sam looked and each other and then decided to run for it. Once both the bullies had gone Zack helped Sonny to his feet. â€Å"Cheers.† Said Sonny â€Å"Ah, it nuttin. Dey do dat ta every new kid. If ya stand up to em or beat em when they start on ya they respect ya! It’s kind of a test. Stupid if ya ask me.† replied Zack, looking over his shoulder as he spoke. â€Å"Well why did you help me out then?† asked Sonny. â€Å"How come you didn’t join in with them?† â€Å"Them two av bin doin dat for agez now an it getz a bit borin after a wile. I started feelin sorry for the kidz az well.† Said Zack â€Å"Sum ov dem were coughin up blood every now an den! I realised dat dey were bein too physical an fought dat I shood do summat bout it.† As he spoke he gazed into the sky every now and then as if he was reflecting and looking back on old times. The pair of them spoke for a good half hour and Zack decided to walk home with Sonny. When they got near to Sonny’s flat, Sonny thanked Zack for everything and told him that he would see him the next day. They exchanged respectful nods and turned their backs to one another and headed in opposite directions. When Sonny got in he smiled for the first time in weeks. His insides were warmed at the sight of his mum and Clarence sitting, cuddled up on the sofa watching T.V together and all their chattels put up around the flat. The ‘cell’ looked a lot better now and that night he slept through the whole night without a tear! Sonny finally felt good to be alive! How to cite English Literature Coursework: â€Å"But why, Mum?† shouted Sonny, Essays

The author wishes to acknowledge Essay Example

The author wishes to acknowledge Essay The author wishes to acknowledge with the profound gratitude to his mother for the help and time she gave in doing this research, his father who was always there to support and ask if there were any problems. Sincere thanks is given to many friends for the inspiration and encouragement that she needed, the undying support and guidance by his friend Denice Van Del Rosario, Mariel Dela Cruz and above all, utmost debt is due to the LORD GOD for all, the strength, guidance, help and will power that HE showered unto me while doing and finishing this research work. DEDICATION This research work is lovingly dedicated to the Filipinos who inspired the author, his parents who gave their time in supporting the researcher, his friends who gave the encouragement and most of all, this is dedicated to the person who gave everything. The spiritual life, strength, will power and guidance of creator of all humans our dear LORD. CHAPTER I We will write a custom essay sample on The author wishes to acknowledge specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The author wishes to acknowledge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The author wishes to acknowledge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Alzheimers disease is known as mental deterioration and total incapacitation of the mind. It is known that almost all American people have this disease. Relatives of these persons neglect them and give no importance to their living. Hence, there are still some people ask what is the main cause of Alzheimers Disease, its signs and symptoms and the way how to develop the well being of the person. With this kind of problem the author find in himself the interest that is needed to support and guide other people that such a disease occur. Problem: What is the real cause of the disease, the signs and symptoms that occur in patients and how to improve patients well being? Hypothesis: Alzheimers disease is known to exist by mutation. Loss of memory, reasoning and hyperactivity are some of its signs and symptoms. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS The author limits his studies on: 1. The cause of Alzheimers disease 2. The biochemical changes that occur in Alzheimers disease patients 3. The sign and symptoms 4. Some useful ways to maintain and improve patients well being 5. The ratio of Americans affected by the disease 6. The pharmacotherapy in Alzheimers disease OBJECTIVES The author finds an interesting in choosing this topic because he wants to: a. Awake the Filipinos and government that Alzheimers disease and it will be dreadful to our country. b. Awake the interest of the doctors as well as researchers to find some ways or medicines to prevent or stop the disease. c. Interest the doctors to find the real cause of this disease and to find out whether it is a gene factor or nor. RELEVANCE OF THE STUDY In the present study of our country as well as the past situations the Philippines is dealt with so many problems. A problem in the environment, which until now not yet given a solution. Another problem which our country faces is the political problem that gives us burden in bringing up our economy, economical problem is the main and major problem of our country today specially all the disasters an catastrophes that had happened and is happening now. The Filipinos knew that our country has different institutions that will help the government solve the problems which we are dealing with, such institutions are UNICEF* which is an institution for children, the FAD* which gives us information about agriculture and PMHA* which gives us information regarding mental health, mental retardation and organic brain syndrome. These institutions help the government in up bringing our economy and help people gain informations regarding different ailments. Philippines is known its abundant natural resources but all of these have not given us the opportunity to raise our economy. Maybe because the way our government runs or maybe it is the people who do nothing. That is the question? with so many problems and disasters which our country faces the author wants to awake the interest of the Filipinos in being a good citizen of our country, in order to solve those problems that we are facing and from there we will be ready for the new obstacles and disasters that will happen to us. and because we are strong and we have the so called unity we can withstand any problem or catastrophes that will happen again. DEFINITIONS OF TERMS Alzheimers Disease characterized by gradual loss of memory, confusion, loss of reasoning, total incapacitation, brain degeneration and death. Autopsy an examination of a dead body to find the cause of death. Dementia is a lingering disease; it can be progressive, remain static or fluctuate. Diagnosis the act of fact or deciding the nature of a disease by examination or observation. EEG (electroencephalogram) tracing the brain waves made by an electroencephalograph. Neurons nerve cell body and all its processes. Postmortem analysis or relating to an event. Senile Dementia an irreversible mental deterioration and memory loss that is almost accompanied by numerous other difficulties in mental function. Senility is a pattern of progressive deterioration thought and behavior related to irreversible brain damage. CHAPTER II REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE Merritts Textbook of Neurology, 7th edition, edited by Lewis P. Rowland. This book gives us with the information regarding Alzheimers disease. This textbook mainly deals with the diseases of the brain and nervous system. on page 508, having the title Ataxias and dementia which was contributed by Robert Katzmen gives us a birds eye view regarding the disease. New and Completed Medical and health Encyclopedia authored by Richard J. Wagman. On this book, chapter 1 deals with definitions especially presenile which is known as Alzheimers disease. It also give us diagnosis in the disease. Correlative Neuroanatomy and Functional Neurology, by Chusid Discusses some characteristics of the disease and some changes that occur in the brain. World book Medical Encyclopedia, 2nd edition. All about definitions regarding health and diseases. Britanica and Lexicon Encyclopedia under letter A Gives information regarding Alzheimers disease. Science journal, Vol. 3 p. 2. In this journal discusses how to develop or improve patients well being Organic Mental Disorders This book gives us information regarding different disease and example of how to care patients and treat them, in this book it also gives us information on what to do with the patients and some Pharmacotherapy are also given. CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY The method used by the author in this research work is the description type of method. At first, the researcher was confused on what method to use. But the, when the author finished reading all datas and gather them. He then came up with a method which is descriptive type of methodology. The researcher thinks that in order for the readers to understand this topic easily he used this method. And because it is based on facts and not by the knowledge of anybody we can have an analyzation regarding the research work CHAPTER IV (PRESENTATION OF FINDINS AND INTERPRETATION) HISTORY Fist described in 1906 by a German neuropathologys Alois Alzheimer. Alzheimers disease is though to occur in about the ratio of 1 case of senile dementia. For many years, the term Alzheimers disease was limited to the description of cases with an onset in the presenism, that is, before the age of 65. Clinical pathologic, ultra-structural, and biochemical analyses indicate that Alzheimers disease and senile dementia a single process; there is now a consensus to consider a single disease. The occurrence of the disease is indicated in the brain by the growth of so called neurotic plaque, constituting of degenerating nerve terminals and other materials and by the appearance of fibrous structures, called the neurofibrillary tangle within nerve cells. Thus, for such changes are observable only through autopsy, but emission tomography may yet become a diagnostic tool. One cause of the growth of a decline in the brain production of acetylcholine or important neurotransmitter. Disease brains also metabolize glucose at diminished levels, particularly in the cortexs posterior parital lobe, and abnormally high levels of aluminum and silicon occur in disease region. DEFINITION Alzheimers disease It is a condition affecting the brain, resulting in a rapid and severe deterioration of mental capacities. A brain disorder which affect both memory and reasoning abilities. Victims of Alzheimers disease, which is a form of acute dementia, or mental deterioration, undergo various changes. These include ability to concentrate, anxiety, irritability, agitation, withdrawal and petulance that keep them or less their way. They may have temper tantrums and engage in obsess ional behavior such as repeatedly washing dishes. This disorder is characterized by progressive dementia and dysphasia. It is degenerative brain disease characterized by death of nerve cells in the convulsion of frontal and temporal lobes of the cerebrum. This disease is the major cause of presenile dementia (dementia not associated with advanced age) and is also the largest single cause of senile dementia and irreversible mental deterioration and memory loss that I almost always accompanied by numerous other difficultie s in mental function. Among its effects are speech disturbances, severe short term memory loss and disorientation leading to progressive loss of mental faculties. It is a neurological disorder of the brain. Once thought rare, because it was believed to be associated with the relatively rare case of presenile dementia, which strikes persons in their 40s and 50s, it is now considered that largest single cause of senile dementia. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Alzheimers disease presents as progressive dementia with increasing loss memory, intellectual function, and disturbances in speech. In the initial stages, there is a slight dulling of intellectual faculties. Thought process is slowed, ability to perform in the social and economic spheres is impaired and memory is defective. Disturbance of speech functions is a common early symptom. To these may be added various apraxia and various types of agnosias. If the patient has into deterioration, he or she may become depressed, and depression is seen in about 25% of the patients. Agitation and restlessness are also common. Motor signs are common early in the course, but as the disease progresses, reflex changes may be noted and a slow, shuffling gait develops. Myoclonus and convulsive seizures occur in some patients late in the course. The clinical picture in the terminal stages is strikingly consistent. Intellectual activity cease and the patient become meek and are reduced to a vegetative condition. Generalized weakness and contradictions may develop in the terminal stages. Control of bowel and bladder function is lost. Commonly, the first clue maybe demonstration of unusual unreasonableness and impairment of judgment. The patient can no longer grasp the content of the situation at hand and reacts inappropriately. Memory gradually fades and recent events are no longer remembers, but events that occurred early in life can be recalled. T he patient may wander aimlessly or get loss in his own house. There is progressive deterioration of physical progression of the process, and the patient becomes confined to bed at quite helpless. This person may also be anxious, active, aggressive and impulsive delusions, hallucinations and confabulation may be observed. Memory impairment is usually severe room locations on the ward and has to be led to these areas. CHARACTERISTICS Postmortem brain studies have demonstrated characteristic changes occur in Alzheimers disease. (1.) Neurofibrillary tangles that appear to be irregular masses of neuro-filaments may take part in salutatory movements essential for exoplasmic flow might deprive the axon of essential protein and lead to neural dysfunction. Impaired intracellular function could then lead to an accumulation of toxic metabolites and cell death. Some factor affecting cytoplasmic protein may be involved in this disorder. (2.) Neurotic plaques (deposits that show neuro denervation). Neurotic plaques are compose of degenerating nerve terminals, reactive glial cells and fibrous material called amyliod. (3.) Granulovascular degeneration (fluid deposits and granulation in the neurons), and (4.) reduced enzyme activity particularly of noradrenalin and of choline acetyltranserase, which is required in acetylcholine synthesis. BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES Despite the devastating clinical changes that occur in Alzheimer disease, relatively few biochemical changes differentiate postmortem Alzheimer brain tissue from that of age-match normal individuals. The most consistent change is 50% to 90% reduction of the activity of choline acetyltranserase in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Because choline acetyltranserase, which is the biosynthetic enzyme for acetyl-choline, is found only in cholinergic neurons, it appears likely that there is selective loss of cholinergic neurons, particularly in cholinergic projection pathway from deep nuclei located in the septum near the dialogical bond of broca to the hippocampus, and from the nearby basal nucleus of meynert to the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of a normal compliment of postsynaptic muscarinic receptors. The degree cognitive deficit measured during life is roughly proportional to the loss of choline acetyltranserase. PATHOLOGY Alzheimer disease is characterized by atrophy of the cerebral cortex that is usually diffuse, although it may be more severe in the frontal and temporal lobes. The degree of atrophy is variable. Brains of affected individual weigh between 850g and 1250g at autopsy. Normal aging of the brain is also accompanied by the atrophy; there is an overlap in the degree of atrophy of brains obtained from elderly Alzheimer patients and unaffected patients of same age. On microscopic examination, there is a loss of both neurons and neuropil in the cortex and, sometimes, secondary demyllination in sub cortical white matter. With quantitative morphometry, it has been shown that the greatest loss is that of large cortical neurons. The most characteristic findings are the argentopilic senile plaque is found throughout the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, and the number of plaques is composed of enlarge, degenerating exonal endings surrounding a core composed mainly of extra cellular amyliod. The dege nerating exonal buttons contain lysosomes, degenerating mitochondria, and paired helical filaments. These paired helical filaments, which are about 20nm wide with a twist every 80nm along their length, constitute the chief element found in Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangle. These tangles consist of accumulation of these filaments within the body of a swollen neuron. Neurofibrillary tangles first occur in the hippocampus particularly tangles may be found throughout the cerebral cortex. Other less prominent but still common features of Alzheimers disease includes Granulovascular degeneration of pyramidal cells of the hippocampus and congophilic angioplasty. The hirano body, a rod like body containing Para crystalline material, first describe in the Guam parkinsonism-dementia complex, is also found in Alzheimers disease. Atherosclerotic-dementia changes are absent or are present only to a minor degree in most cases.